Ventilator.



A. W. PHELPS,

VENTILATOR. APPLlcATmN FILED 553.19.1917.'

Ptented May 7,1918.

o 0,0 o/Q o 0mm. j;

2 SHEETS-sneu i.

Irwell/foam '7491561455 A. W. PHELPS.

VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I9. i917.

Patented May 7,1918.

7 provided with air outlets from the ioor 2 to provide an air passage 9 ALBERT W. PHELPS, OF FRESNO, CALIFORNA.

VENTILATOR.

To' all fwhom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT W. PHELrs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Fresno, in the county of Fresno and State of California, have invented a new and useful Ventilator, of which the following is a speciication.

This invention relates to ventilators and is especially useful in connection with cars intended to carry perishable goods, as, for instance, fruits, vegetables and the like.

An object of the invention is to cause circulation of the air in the car so as to insure uniform temperature throughout the' car.

Another object is to properly ventilate all parts of the car while at the same time circulating the air.

Another object is to` cool the air thus circulated. I

Another object is to'produce a system of this character of maximumeffectiveness and simplicity of construction and operation. l ther objects andvadvantages will appear in the subjoined detail description.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention.

Figure l is a vertical mid section of a railway car embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view, the car body being section on line indicated by z-fcz, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan section of the pump in Figs. 1 and 2, portions of the air tubes also being shown in section.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmental vertical section on line indicated by mt-t, Fig.y 2.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section online indicated by 5-a25, Fig. 4.

Three things are accomplishedby this invention, namely, the circulation of air from top to bottom and from bottom to top of a car.; admission of fresh air to and expulsion of heated air from the car to ventilate the.

car; and cooling of the air as it is being circulated.

The roof, ioor, side walls and end Walls of a railway car are indicated at l, 2, 3 and 4 respectively, there being partitions 5 spaced from the end walls to form air cooling chambers 6, and there being a false floor 8 and spaced between the floor and false floor. The air passage 9 communicates through ports 10 with the cooling chambers 6. In the drawings'ice 11v is shown in the chambers 6 as thev cooling agent for said chambers, but it Specification of Letters Patent.

vcelerate the How of air to the Patented May 7, 1918.

- Application filed February 19, 1917. Serial N o. 149,433.

is understood that the cooling may be effected by other mediums or'agents than ice, if desired. The ice 11 is spaced apart from the end walls 4 by suitable open spacing frames or members 12 so that there will be air passages 13 from the upper portions of the chambers 6 to the ports 10 when the ice is in place.

Located in suitable position and, in the instance shown in the drawings, about centrally of the car and in the upper portion thereof just beneath the roof 1 is a suitable air-circulating .pump indicated in general by the character 14, and radiating' from said pump are circulation tubes 15, 15', intake tube 16 and exhaust tube 17; the circulation lcar and projecting therethrough and the outer end portion of said intake tube 16 being bent parallel with said side wall, and the exhaust tube 17 extending aslant toward the opposite side wall of the car and prov jecting throughsaid opposite side wall. The tubes 15, 15', and 17 are preferably but not necessarily gradually reduced in diameter vfrom .their inner toward their outer ends and the tube 16 is gradually expanded from its inner toward its outer end so as to acdischarge ends of said tubes.

The intake tube 16 is connected by an enlarged nipple 18 to the pump 14 and communicates with chambers 19, 20 and 21 of said pump, there being valves 22, 23 and 24 to control the passage of air through the inlet ports 25, 26, 27 of said chambers from the nipple 18 andl each of said valves being manipulated by asuitable handle 28 which may be conveniently reached from the interior of the car or elsewhere as desired.

The chambers 19, 20, 21 are provided with exhaust ports in the form of outwardly reduced nozzles 29, 30 and 31 respectively and said chambers are gradually reduced. in cross sectional area from their middle portions toward their intake and exhaust ports.

The nozzles 29, 30 and 31 project into the will be annular suction ports 32, for the re`1 'f lplacing therein ice .urally spective tubes for the passage of air .from the interiorL of the car into saidv tubes.,

The tubes 15, 15 Aeo'minuneate' at "their outer ends with transversely extending tubes 33 respectively arranged in the upper'p'gijtionsl ofthe cooling chambers 6, andv said tubes 33 are provided with discharge orifices' 34 at intervals therealong, said .discharge l orifices opening outward into the spaces beneath downwardly and outwardly `curved deflectors or shields 35 that may be of any desired shape `and that in the drawings Vextend 'transversely fromk side lto side of the cooling chambers. The shields 35 may be corrugated as shown to form ajseries of downwardly and 4outwardly directed channels 36 as clearly shown in Fig. 5.

No "attempt is made to show .and describe in detail 'the construction of the .tubes `33 and shields 35 sincesuch construction is within the skill of those versed in the tube Iand sheet `metal working artsriand in the drawings they are 'shown of integral construction though they may 'be 4made separate if 'den sired or Iforconvenience in manufacturing.

The shields 35 and tubes 33 may be supported by the outer ends ofthe tubes '15, 15 respectively and the'ou'terends of said tubes 15, 15 maybe supported by the partitions 5, or any other suitable supporting means may be provided for the tubes 15,15', 33 and shieldsl 35. The pump 14 may be supported from roof of the car by `suitable brackets' 37 and the inner ends of the` tubes 15,15 and ,'17 4may be supported from the roof of the ca'r by suitable brackets 38.

VIn practice the method of Ventilating and cooling the car will be carried out as follows: The lchambers 6y will be cooled by 11 or by any. 'other suitable means and the car will be propelled by any suitable power in agmanner-well understood in the transportation art. Assuming that the car is 'traveling in the -directi'on of the I'arrow a, Fig. 2, Vair will nat- 16 and from thence into vthe pumpmchambers 19, "2O and 21. The velocity of the .air Tentering vsaid chambers willv be reduced somewhat at the lmiddle @portions tof .said chamn 4 ber's .but `will be again accelerated 'atjthe nozzles 29,530 'and 31.*so las to create'considerable s'uctionat the suctionfports 32 by 4reason of the injection effect of vthe nozzles, thus drawing into the tubes 15,

15 and .'17 air lfrom the higher air levels in .thecarg and since the warmer air seeks the higher levels said warmer fair. will be vdrawn off through the yagency of the pump 14. The foregoing :operation takes place when, all of .23, .24 :are open,and said With the iiow `into v'the intake end of the tube.

. air may be maintained 'rtions as ashown the character of the cargo being transported. v

the Valvesthus open it is clear that some1 fresh air will continually4 pass into the pump to be mixed `with the air sucked lout of the upper portion of the .caro Air from the chambers 19, 21will with air sucked v through the ports 32 through the tubes 15, 15 and will be discharged through the-e-'ports 34 along the I in- -ner edges ofv'the shields 35 and will bedistributed by y'said ports and shields transversely from side to side'of the chambers 6 downward over the ice.11.. vThe 'air thus forced 'into the'chamber 6 will 'pass downward between the cakes of ice andthrough the passageglS andwill be cooled and will 'pass through the ports `10 into the passage-9 pass together and thence will 'be distributed by 'ports 8 from end .to 'end ofthelcan, The ai'r":thus cooled in the cooling chambers 6, landfdis- 'charged through the. ports .8, las it 'becomes heated, :either by thehigher Aheat of the cargo or walls 'of `the `car or both, will rise i is thus setup'a circulation of fai-r within the 1-"5 'car and that the air circulates from the upper .portion of the car through the :cooling `chambers and thence tothe lower :portion of the car. It is also clear thatv the 'air thus circulated in part is fresh external air drawn from the exterior of the car so as toaii'ord 'ventilation to the4 cargo space. In practice the valves -22, 23 `and 24 maybe so adjusted that the combined `volumes ofV air flowing from the nozzle30 and through the port V32 lsurrounding said :nozzle Vis labout equal' lto the volume of air injected into the pump by :the tube l16 so that the :perfect :circulation of air in the car will Vbe eected.

.When Lthe external: atmosphere is. somewhat near. the temperature Yof that desired for the interior of thev car, the valves 22, -24 fr'nay be partly closed rso Ias to :conserve the supply of cooling medium in they ycoolling chambers 6. When the external temperature is comp'arativelyl hightthe 'valves 22, 24 niay be .opened to Atheir lfull extentfso as to `produce maximum circulation fof. air through the cooling chambers' and .thus

lation of the .air is maintained inthe car .by

motion'of. the car and ithatthe air is'cooled while it circulates, yor that circulation of :the

y when the .car .is tstationary ifthe pump 14 be offany wellelmown form fof. mechanically 'operated pump.A

'ii .Fig l2 so 'that the Iouter `maintain the interiorbf the car atfcompara- The ;.i11talretube 1.6 may be fformed in ise'c-f al section 39 can be reversed at the joint 40 when the car is traveling in a direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow a.

The exhaust tube 17 may be provided with a Hap or other valve 4l which is opened outward by pressure of the outgoing air but which will be closed by the spring 42 when air is not being pumped from the car.

The partitions 5 may be provided near their lower ends with ports 43 to allow some of the air from the cooling chambers 6 to pass directly into the cargo chamber. It is readily understood that when the ports 43 are provided the ports 10 land false Hoor 7 can be dispensed with and that when the ports l0 and false iioor are provided the ports 43 may be dispensed with.

I claim:

l. The combination with a car, of a pump having separate chambers, nozzles for the chambers respectively, a tube having its intake end surrounding one of the nozzles and spaced therefrom, the discharge end of said tube opening into the car, a second tube having its intake end surrounding the other nozzle and spaced therefrom, the discharge end of said second tube extending outside of the car, and a third tube having its discharge endI communicating with the chambers, said third tube having its intake end projecting outside of the car.

2. The combination with a car, of a pump having separate chambers, nozzles for the chambers respectively, a tube having its intake end surrounding one of the nozzles and spaced therefrom, the discharge end of said tube opening into the car, a second tube having its intake end surrounding the other nozzle and spaced therefrom, the discharge end of said second tube extending outside of the car, a third tube having its discharge end communicating with the chambers, said third tube having its intake end projecting outside of the car, and valves to control the flow of air from the third tube to the chambers respectively.

3. The combination with a car, of a pump having separate chambers, nozzles for the chambers respectively, tubes having their intake ends surrounding the nozzles of some of the chambers and spaced therefrom, the discharge ends of said tubes opening into different portions of the car, another tube having its intake end surrounding the nozzle of another of the chambers and spaced therefrom, the discharge end of the last named tube extending outside of the car, and still another tube having its discharge end communicating with the chambers, the last named tube having its intake end projecting outside of the car.

4. The combination with a car, of a pump having separate chambers, nozzles for the chambers respectively, tubes having their intake ends surrounding the nozzles of some of the chambers and spaced therefrom, the discharge ends of said tubes opening into di'erent portions of the car, another tube having its intake end surrounding the nozzle of another of the chambers and spaced therefrom, the discharge end of the last named tube extending outside of the car,

- still another tube having its discharge end communicating with the chambers, the last named tube having its intake end projecting outside of the car, and valves to control the flow of air from the last named tube to the chambers respectively.

Signed at Los Angeles, California this 12th day of February 1917.

ALBERT W. PHELPS. Witnesses:

GEORGE H. Hrnns, A. F. SCHMIDTBAUER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

